In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female canine is called a bitch. The pa of a litter is called the sire, and the old lady of a litter is called the dam. Offspring are generally called pups or puppies until they are about a year old. A circle of offspring is a litter. The course of birth is whelping. Myriad terms are dedicated for dogs that are not purebred.
Some breeds, particularly the sighthounds, have a meadow of vision up to 270ð (compared to 180ð for site humans), although broad-headed breeds with cut short noses have a much narrower plot of vision, as bottommost as 180ð.